ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To learn from pedia tric drug pricing and price incentive policy in Japan ，and to provide reference for the improvement of pediatric drug price system in China. METHODS ：The drug pricing strategy of Japan was analyzed ，and price incentive policy of pediatric drugs in Japan and its implementation status and effect were summarized. The suggestions of perfecting the price system of pediatric drugs in China were put forward . RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The pricing strategy of medical insurance drugs in Japan included two types ，such as access pricing of medical insurance list and price adjustment of drugs in medical insurance list. Among them ，price incentive policy for pediatric drugs mainly included the premium for initial pricing of new pediatric drugs ，the premium for drugs with newly added pediatric indication included in medical insurance list and other measures（such as eligible drugs could obtain indirect price compensation ，and children ’s factors could be considered in health technology assessment ）. Overall ，these measures accelerated the R&D and marketing of Japanese pediatric drugs ，and effectively promoted the development of pediatric drugs in Japan. The author suggests that our country should carry out health technology assessment which reflects the particularity of pediatric drugs ，give appropriate direct price incentives to the payment price of pediatric drugs ，and reasonably set the price of drug specification suitable for children and give price incentives so as to promote the development of pediatric drugs in China.
ABSTRACT
A series of incentive policies have been developed by many foreign governments to encourage pharmaceutical companies to develop orphan drugs that have a small market and high research risk. Taking the United States, the European Union and Japan as the representatives, this paper reviews the international management experiences and incentive policies on orphan drug research and development. Current research and development status of orphan drugs in China is also briefly introduced. Based on international experience, some suggestions are put forward on the development of orphan drug research policy in China, in hope of providing references for promoting the establishment of orphan drug incentive policies in our country.
ABSTRACT
Objective To learn the acceptance of rural community health workers (CHWs ) following the reform of rural health workers′team building in Pudong New Area.Methods 3 295 CHWs were surveyed with questionnaire for their acceptance of the incentive policies,and chisquare test analysis was used to analyze the differences among CHWs in individual areas.Results Over 80.0% of the CHWs reported that they were motivated by the incentive policies to improve their professional competence, medical service and organizational commitment;40.9% of them reported that the policies improved their social status;and 47.3% of them believed the policies could promote the rural areas to attract and retain talents.When a comparison was made of CHWs′feedbacks on different aspects,significant differences indicated that the proportion of CHWs′positive attitudes was the highest at remote rural communities. Conclusions The rural health workers′team building reform could promote incentive on the CHWs,yet with obvious regional differences.